Management, People and Organisations - Managing the United Kingdom Essay

The executives, People and Organizations - Managing the United Kingdom National Health Service - Essay Example The administration of NHS has been confronted with difficulties from the administration, open and inside its own association. The legislature and open requires the association to convey more and assemble trust anyway temporary help not adequate. The paper dissects side effects so as to perceive issues and give options arrangements. It ponders the hierarchical issues hidden these challenges and proposes changes accepted helpful for making an elite association. Likewise, it investigates NHS authoritative organization techniques, structure and culture ethics from an assumed foundation (MARTIN, 2005). It sums up the conspicuousness of dealing with these issues collectively in a flimsy air to achieve objectives. It reveals interior and outer components that empower change in associations. The issues looked by United Kingdom National Health Service are not exceptional to any association offering administration. The executives requires structuring and keeping up an air that people, filling in as groups, effectively accomplish chosen objectives. The key target of the executives is to guarantee things are finished by the individuals, through producing a reasonable setting in which they can achieve hierarchical objectives. The contextual analysis uncovers that numerous clinicians have enjoyed administrative obligations other than their current job, trying to bring a distinction. This immersion in the executives can be time overpowering and really conflicts with their expert jobs. It is reasonable that a significant number of the signs which the contextual investigation demonstrates can be straightforwardly connected to strife of jobs or better say irreconcilable situation. This demonstrates absence of polished skill since every player in an association ought to stick to their obligations and do them to their best. Association ought to characterize every job of players and administering standards to guarantee quality. It is clear that job issue is a significant administration issue for the NHS. In any predefined job, there

Seven Sisters Colleges Should You Go to One

Seven Sisters Colleges Should You Go to One SAT/ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips In case you're taking a gander at applying to first class human sciences universities, you've presumably run over the Seven Sisters schools. Be that as it may, what schools are Seven Sisters universities, and what makes them so exceptional? In this article, we clarify what the Seven Sisters schools are, which of them despite everything exist, and which of them are still every one of ladies' universities. I'll additionally utilize my ability as an alum of a Seven Sisters school to separate what the advantages are of applying to a Seven Sisters school and five hints for getting conceded. Highlight picture credit: Nicholas Knouf/Flickr What Are the 7 Sisters Colleges? At the point when individuals allude to the Seven Sisters schools, they're discussing this particular gathering of seven truly every one of ladies' universities in the Northeastern United States: Barnard Bryn Mawr Mount Holyoke Radcliffe (presently part of Harvard) Smith Vassar Wellesley The name of the gathering originates from Roman folklore, where the Seven Sisters were the seven little girls of the god Titan and the sprite Pleione. The entirety of the Seven Sisters schools were established in the nineteenth century between 1837 (Mount Holyoke) and 1889 (Barnard), with the objective of giving post-optional instruction chances to ladies that were of comparable bore to what men were getting at universities like Harvard and Yale. The Seven Sisters schools not just tried to give ladies access to a top notch instruction yet additionally effectively scanned for female workforce and executives with the goal that the schools were likewise driven by ladies. These qualities proceed through to today, with at any rate one of the Seven Sisters (Wellesley) never having had a male president. During the 1970s, when top earlier all-male schools like Harvard and Amherst were going co-ed, a few ladies' universities started to consider a similar inquiry. Radcliffe settled on the choice to converge with Harvard and no longer exists as an autonomous undergrad school. While Vassar was offered a comparable organization with Yale, Vassar turned it down and chose to go co-ed all alone (a story which you'll unquestionably hear told on the grounds visit). The remainder of the Seven Sisters schools stayed pretty much ladies' universities, however every one of the five remaining non-co-ed Seven Sisters universities has trade programs with close by co-ed schools that permit understudies to take classes outside of their own school. How much these intercollegiate scholarly projects influence life nearby fluctuate generally from school to class. For example, due to Barnard's nearby organization with (and physical closeness to) Columbia University, there's a great deal of hybrid between the two schools. Then again, while Wellesley has a trade program with MIT, Babson, and Olin, there aren't normally a great deal of non-Wellesley understudies in classes, likely due to transporting or drive between schools. There's a decent transport framework that permits understudies to take classes at Smith (envisioned here), Mount Holyoke, Hampshire, Amherst, and UMass Amherst. Corroded Clark ~ 100K Photos/Flickr. Rundown of the 7 Sisters Schools We've made a table for you to think about the names, areas, confirmation rates, sizes, and co-ed strategies of the first Seven Sisters schools. Name Area Confirmations Rate Complete Undergrad Enrollment Co-Ed?* Barnard New York, NY 13.9% 2,562 No Bryn Mawr Bryn Mawr, PA 34.1% 1,360 No Mount Holyoke South Hadley, MA 50.9% 2,208 No Radcliffe Cambridge, MA n/a n/a n/a Smith Northampton, MA 31.0% 2,502 No Vassar Poughkeepsie, NY 24.6% 2,456 Indeed Wellesley Wellesley, MA 19.5% 2,534 No *Note: For the most part, the approach of the Seven Sisters schools is that any individual who recognizes as female or who was alloted female during childbirth and doesn't distinguish as male may apply. In case you're concerned you may not qualify, you should check with the individual school regarding the points of interest of their approach. Tear, Radcliffe College. Boston Public Library/Flickr. Why Apply to a 7 Sisters College? As somebody who applied to and wound up picking among Vassar and Wellesley for school, I have pondered this inquiry a ton. Five reasons truly stand apart to me for applying to and going to a Seven Sisters school. #1: Get a Good Liberal Arts Education By setting off to a Seven Sisters school, you'll get a great deal of the advantages you'd get from a decent little human sciences school, including... little class sizes great understudy personnel proportions a solid spotlight on scholastics You'll likewise be urged to take classes outside your own school to expand your scholarly skylines. All of the Seven Sisters schools has organizations with close by schools that permit you to take classes there. Regardless of whether you simply need to take some co-ed classes or you're keen on an alternate learning condition, the net outcome is that you'll get an increasingly assorted scholarly understanding. Barnard's alliance with and closeness to Columbia University implies that Barnard understudies can without much of a stretch cross-register to take classes there. Boston Public Library/Flickr. #2: Have a Higher Chance of Admission The Seven Sisters universities are significantly less specific than tantamount co-ed schools. This is delineated in the table beneath, which records five of the top human sciences universities in the nation and their confirmations rates. School Name Affirmation Rate Amherst 12.8% Bowdoin 10.3% Swarthmore 9.5% Wellesley 19.5% Williams 13.0% Notwithstanding being one of the top universities in the nation, Wellesley has 1.5 occasions to almost twofold the affirmations pace of tantamount schools. This is valid across the greater part of the staying Seven Sisters schools. For what reason are the confirmation rates higher for Seven Sisters schools? Indeed, since the entirety of the staying Seven Sisters schools (aside from Vassar) don't acknowledge male candidates, the pool of potential understudies is essentially sliced down the middle. Rather than going up against 8,000 understudies for 1000 spots, you may just go up against 4,000 different understudies, which implies you'll have a superior possibility of getting in. The relatively diminished selectivity of the Seven Sisters schools has nothing to do with the nature of the schools - Wellesley and Smith specifically are known for their scholastic meticulousness. In any case, by basic math, you have better odds of getting into a Seven Sisters school than you do a similarly scholastically thorough co-ed school. #3: Gain a Life-Long Network The partner to esteemed gentlemen system of the Ivy League schools is the system made and cultivated by alumni of the Seven Sisters universities. On the off chance that you go to a Seven Sisters school, you will access a solid and steady graduated class arrange that extends past whatever individual school you went to incorporate each one of the individuals who went to Seven Sisters schools. The advantages of this system extend from having a bit of leeway when work looking since you have that inside association, to getting tips on lodging and settling in another area after school or graduate school, to interfacing socially in a spot where you probably won't know anybody. Become some portion of the interconnected system of Seven Sisters alums (ivy festoon excluded). Over: 1917 Smith College Graduation. Richard/Flickr. #4: Learn in an All-Women's Environment That a large portion of the Seven Sisters universities are every one of ladies' schools is regularly an integral factor for understudies thinking about whether to apply. For a few, heading off to an all-ladies' school is incomprehensible and may even appear to be age-old in the 21st century. In any case, one of the most significant highlights of all the Seven Sisters schools (counting Vassar), especially these days, is that they all advance the significance of ladies taking positions of authority and prevailing on the planet. I for one didn't put a tremendous measure of significance on this factor when I was applying to schools truth be told, Wellesley was the main all-ladies' school I applied to. In any case, as a Wellesley understudy (and now alum), I found that being for the most part encircled by savvy, driven, and certain ladies implied I felt constrained to ascend to fulfill those guidelines myself. #5: Be in a LGBTQ+ Friendly Environment The entirety of the Seven Sisters lean socially liberal somewhat, which incorporates having hearty LGBTQ+ societies nearby. How much this is the situation shifts from school to class, and it is not necessarily the case that there aren't socially traditionalist understudies at Seven Sisters universities, on the grounds that there are. Notwithstanding, the general condition at the Seven Sisters schools is commonly social dynamic and LGBTQ+friendly. On the off chance that this is something you couldn't care less about much one way or the other, you'll despite everything have the option to have an extraordinary involvement with any of the Seven Sisters schools. What's more, if being at a school where being LGBTQ+ isn't simply sheltered, however celebrated and part regular ordinary life, at that point you should consider applying to a Seven Sisters school. Then again, in the event that you would prefer not to go to a school where LGBTQ+ understudies and culture are a noteworthy piece of grounds life, a Seven Sisters school is most likely not going to be an extraordinary fit for you. 5 Tips to Get Into the 7 Sisters Colleges Since you've become familiar with the Seven Sisters schools, you're most likely champing at the bit to discover how to get acknowledged. I've gotten together five top tips for getting into a Seven Sisters school underneath, in view of my experience as a forthcoming (and afterward conceded) understudy. Tip 1: Excel in School Because the Seven Sisters schools are moderately less specific doesn't imply that you can relax scholastically. You'll despite everything need a top GPA and grades and solid letters of proposal to have a decent possibility of getting in. Letters of proposal are especially significant for Seven Sisters schools in light of the worth that those schools place on how you can add to their locale. Since the graduated class systems are so integral to the Seven Sisters

November Questions Omnibus 1

November Questions Omnibus 1 y2kit wrote, I was just wondering another thing Are test scores from other examination boards (like GCSE O or A Levels that I am taking) considered? If yes, how would you evaluate them? The grading scheme is different from those in the US school systems. Were quite familiar with non-US grading systems. In fact, your system (O/A Levels) is probably the grading system we see most frequently among non-US systems. No worries, were professionals! Victoria wrote, Just one more question: I found a tidbit of information about the MIT/Harvard combined premed program it just said that it exists. I went to the preprofessional advising site, but I cant find information on it there. This is a program Id like to write about for the second short essay: can you tell me (at least three days before regular decision apps must be in- preferably longer, but I know you are in the middle of early apps) where I can find more information? My book is a bit outdated Also, I have two possible responses for the world we live in essay. Is it okay if I put one in the completely optional section? I think you mean the Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, or HST, which runs, among other things, a combined MIT-Harvard MD-PhD program. The premed advising is an MIT program all the way, and it rocks as it is! I have a number of friends who are enrolled in some aspect of HST, and they seem to think its great. As for your second question, yes, it would be okay for you to submit your alternate response as an optional essay. Rushil wrote, Does it matter that my research is not fully completed?? Youre in high school, and you have many other commitments. Honestly, Im pretty surprised when students can actually complete research. So, no, it does not matter that your work is incomplete. Harish wrote, Regarding the teacher evaluation, Ive rarely had the same teacher for more than 2 years due to me having to shift schools on many occasions. I also have had MAJOR syllabi changes(going from ICSE to CBSE in the middle of high school). Will the admissions office look at things like that? As for independent research. Im a physics buff and over the last four years, I diligently worked on many theories of my own. Problem, they are all, well, silly. on hindsight. I tried things like disproving Heisenbergs Uncertainity Principle and even have a few ideas relating to the String Theory. Its mostly rubbish, but heartfelt and pasionate. Will this work for or against me? In regard to your first question: these things are an important part of your context. If you tell us about your situation, we will consider that. As for your independent thoughts its not going to work against you, and I think writing the completely optional essay about your theories would be quite interesting. I, for one, am intrigued and would like to read more. Good for you for pursuing your ideas. Syed wrote, i am a student from Pakistan and i met you in the RSI program over this summeri am already submitting my RSI paper as a part of my MIT application.is it helpful to send a possible design of a perpetual motion machine (which may be flawed) that I have worked on, just to show my passion for science? Hi Syed, good to hear from you. I assure you that your perpetual motion machine is flawed, as I believe in the laws of physics; and if it isnt flawed, then you probably dont need a Bachelors Degree from MIT, as you will have succeed in upending the entire physics canon. A quick check of (the admittedly frequently inaccurate) Wikipedia says: Scientists and engineers accept the possibility that the current understanding of the laws of physics may be incomplete or incorrect; a perpetual motion device may not be impossible, but overwhelming evidence would be required to justify rewriting the laws of physics. Any proposed perpetual motion design offers a potentially instructive challenge to physicists: we know it cant work (because of the laws of thermodynamics), so explain how it fails to work. The difficulty (and the value) of such an exercise depend on the subtlety of the proposal; the best ones tend to arise from physicists own thought experiments. Anyway, all that being said, I do think it would be interesting to hear about your design as long as you recognize where it violates one of the laws of thermodynamics, or as long as you provide evidence of how your machine doesnt violate the laws. In the latter case, Id appreciate a small share of the Nobel Prize. Sam wrote, An MIT rep was supposed to visit [my high school] earlier this month but the rep canceled. I know at least 3 people who are intested in applying to MIT [from my school]. I hope you guys didnt cancel because you thought that was a lack of interest. Anyways, is MIT planning on sending a representative to [my school] in the near future? The first thing you need to know is that as an office, were able to visit only a very small number of high schools. Dont take offense to MIT not visiting your school the vast majority of students admitted to MIT come from schools weve never visited. Unfortunately, we wont be visiting your school (or any other school, for that matter) for at least a few months, as now begins the application reading season, a time where we stop going across the country and focus on selecting a class. Dont worry, well pay as much attention to your applications as any other. tami wrote, May I know what do you consider to b a good SAT Reasoning Test score? Is a score slightly above 600 hurtful? Or do you prefer >700? How to distinguish between good TOEFL and SAT scores? I previously answered that question, writing: We do not make decisions based on test scores. There is no formula for admission, and there are no minimum test scores. Test scores are one of many parts of the application that inform our decision. Admissions decisions at MIT are made following a holistic, subjective review of each applicant. That being said, I know that folks are still (understandably) very concerned about test scores. To give you a sense of things, here are the middle 50% score ranges of students admitted to the Class of 2009 [MyMIT]: SAT I Verbal: [690, 770] SAT I Math: [740, 800] ACT Composite: [31, 34] SAT II Math: [740, 800] SAT II Science: [710, 790] SAT II Humanities: [700, 780] (Please remember that we are not considering the new SAT Writing test this year.) Also, its worth noting that more than 35% of students (370+ students) admitted to the Class of 2008 had SAT I Verbal scores lower than 700, and 11% (110+ students) had SAT I Math scores lower than 700 [CDS]. In the end, it is being a good fit match with MIT that makes the decision. To fully answer your question, though, I need to add another previous answer about the TOEFL: TOEFL is the one test for which we have minimum scores. They are: 577 (PBT), 233 (CBT) and 90 (iBT). You should aim to meet or exceed these target scores: 600 (PBT), 250 (CBT), 100 (iBT). I hope that helps. Kadhambari wrote, I gave my SAT I on October 8th and got 1870 critical reading-550 Math -680 Writing- 640 Do you suggest that I apply to MIT with this or write it again I have very good academic credentials and also won accolades in science fairs across many cities in India recently my project was selected the best from 100 entries all over India and awarded the best project. dont the credentials compensate for my low SAT score?? Its hard for me to answer questions like this. I cannot evaluate students over the blog. Please read the above answer (and links) about how we treat test scores. I hope that helps. Faiqah wrote, This month we had our October SAT (on 8th) and it was cancelled in Islamabad due to unknown reasons (we students believe it was because of the earthquake of 7.6 that occured on the same day and caused largescale destruction in Northern areas of Pakistan, but I am sure that was not the reason). Then an ETS official e mailed all of us that our SAT will be on Ocotber 29, and yet AGAIN it was cancelled. Now the biggest problem is, I am registered for SAT II on November and Decembers date has passed! What if I and many others from Islamabad are not able to give our SAT I (or II), what are we supposed to do? Register for January SAT?? Please reply as soon as possible, coz time is running out!! You may want to take the TOEFL instead of the SAT I. This is an option I highly recommend for many international students. We do not prefer one test over the other, and usually the TOEFL puts international students in a better light. Regardless, you should take your SAT IIs in November, as they are required. Additionally, you should register for either the January SAT I (we will accept this in your case, please email the Admissions Office if you do so) or the TOEFL as soon as possible. nina wrote, Ive posted a question, but havent received an answer. I know that you are very busy, but.. I dont know what to do and how to proceed and the time is running out. My question concernes TOEFL. I had great difficulties trying to save money for the SAT and TOEFL exams. At last, I have the required sum, but there are no free dates for TOEFL till early January. Is there something wrong with it? And should I explain it in the applicationj forms, or write a letter to the admission office? We accept January scores on a case-by-case basis and will likely accept yours. Please email [emailprotected] to confirm. Remember that if you take TOEFL the only other test we will require of you are two SAT IIs: one in math, and one in science. Also, a general comment: please be patient; I dont think it is completely unreasonable to have to wait a few days for an answer, were busy people! Oliver wrote, Do siblings of current MIT students get discounts off their tutition. Although we do not qualify for finanical aid, having three children going to MIT (two certain, one pending ;) ) will be very taxing for my parents. Also, how do we know if a supplemental recommendation letter has been received by MIT yet? Im unaware of any automatic tuition discount for siblings (Daniel might know better), but certainly having three kids in college would change a familys financial aid demonstrated need. To find out how it would affect things, you your family should apply for financial aid. As for your supplemental letter, it is difficult for us to track down individual applications to tell you what non-required pieces are there once application reading begins. I recommend making sure any non-required application pieces are sent early in the process. We will consider any pieces that are part of your application. mahsa wrote, I have one question : Do you know Sharif university in iran? is it good? I personally dont know the school, but dont go by my knowledge. There are thousands of universities across the world, and I know of only a small percentage of them. Shikhar wrote, I couldnt help but notice on Bryan Nances list of 52 things not to do if you want to go to MIT. No matter how tight your argument is, Halo groups are not extracurricular clubs and your mastery of said game is not a skill. I was looking forward of putting down Computer Gaming as an EC. As I make money out of it and have won awards I think it can be called an EC and I have been playing since age of 2yrs so it should show a little mad side of me. Since this is an important part of your life and your story, you should include this in your application. Bryans entry was mostly tongue-in-cheek, though it does contain some good advice in there. tracy wrote, More questionsI just submitted part ii of the application, and I noticed that the format was sort of messed up. Like, there are no indents in all the places where I meant to have indents. Before submitting my essay, I made sure that the format of the essay was correct, but it still shows up weirdly in the pdf. Now, I understand that Im being completely obsessive-compulsive, but will the lack of indents at the beginning of paragraphs hurt us in the admissions process? We know that our online application is not perfect, and that most of the formatting problems on the essays are our fault, not yours. Remember, were not grading the essays, were reading them for the content and what it tell us about you. The formatting wont change that, so dont worry. Alissa wrote, I heard it snowed the other day. Could you say something for us sunny Southern California people about how to convince our parents that snow is not the end of the world? I wish I were witty and could come up with some clever response here. Alas, I cannot. But maybe someone can help me out here in the comments? And what is it about snow that so frightens your folks?

Teaching English Reflective Journal Essay

In TESOL class, I have learned that listening is a very important aspect of study of any language.   One way through which a second language learner learns a new language is by listening.   When they listen to the language above they use their â€Å"present linguistic competence†, to figure out the meaning of what they hear real time (Nunan 26).   Immediately, they connect the input information to their experience or something that they already know.   Using the cues in the situation, they then process the information to create â€Å"the meaning behind the words† (Nunan 24).   From this process, the language learners acquire language beyond their current level. Stephen Krashen has written many articles on second language acquisition and he describes listening as â€Å"a major source of comprehensible input† for second language learners (Nunan 25).  Ã‚   Stephen’s research has been very helpful in improving the way, a second language is taught today.   Teachers have applied different principles to improve their student’s listening skills in the classroom. In TESOL class, the bottom-up and top-down processing were discussed. The language teaching book by David Nunan defines them this way. The bottom-up processing emphasizes on details.   It focuses on â€Å"using component parts such as vocabulary, grammar, and the like, to process meaning† (Nunan 329).   And top-down processing focuses on â€Å"the general knowledge† and â€Å"life experience known as content schema or textual schema† (Nunan 27).  Ã‚   Basically, top-down processing activates learner’s background knowledge. In my opinion these two processes can be used interchangeably, if applied correctly, in accordance to the understanding of a student’s English language skills and needs.     I think either processes can work out to benefit all learners.   However, I think the bottom-up process can be more beneficial, especially for ESL learners considering that they are already learning about grammar, vocabulary and pronunciations. Their learning approach is similar to bottom-up processing, that focuses on details.   To start with, students can better approach basic foundation of the language from the bottom-up style and be able to gradually build their language skills like â€Å"building blocks† of language (Nunan 43).   This approach can give an upper hand to the teachers involved in language teaching, as they can teach many things like grammar rules, vocabulary, pronunciation, and intonation to students. It is important to know that focusing too much on details can lead stu dents to ignore the grammatical patterns, usage of the language and the meaning of lesson while they learn. I think top-down processing is more appropriate for someone who is proficient in language.   Those students are more likely to search for meaning of the language as a whole rather than looking at detail of the language.   It enables students to focus more on the larger and general information of the language (Nunan 27).   Looking at it globally, learners are able to remember the general information better and longer than dealing with specifics.   They can also easily relate the information to their past experience and knowledge (Nunan 26).   They will be able to easily activate information processing from top-down approach.   One disadvantage of the process would be that there is no time for students to review the details of the language while they process information. Given the limited benefit of each own process, I think both processes should be used in teaching so that the learners are able to see the information from bottom-up or top-down perspective. In TESOL book, the combination of the process is described as Interactive processing.   The interactive processing occurs when the top-down and bottom-up data are combined during the information processing (Nunan 29).   It activates the students to acquire language from the top and bottom approach. Teachers should use interactive processing as a teaching technique to complement their communicative teaching method.   If that learning strategy works out, students can become more proficient learner and can benefit their language fluency and accuracy skills. Reference Nunan, David. â€Å"Practical English Language Teaching.† First Edition. McGraw-Hill Companies: New York, 2003.

The Competing Values Framework For High Performance...

The Competing Values Framework in Relation to High Performance Management The purpose of the Competing Values Framework (CVF) is to facilitate the process of understanding the various management roles and how they can be applied more effectively in an environment of competing tensions. Each role is distinct and seemingly contradictory, but intertwining them is essential in order to achieve optimal efficiency; ultimately becoming a high performance manager. This â€Å"behavioral complexity-the ability to deal with the competing demands through the mastery of seemingly contradictory or paradoxical roles differentiates the high performing managers from their counterparts (Hart Quinn, 1993). In the process of becoming a high performance manager,†¦show more content†¦Tragedies and traumas, depending on how you frame them, can either result in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) or post-traumatic growth (PTG). In my case, I had consciously chosen to embrace the experience resulting in PTG, which starts by recognizing the uncertainties in life and em bracing them as fundamental tenets of human existence (George, 2015). This particular crucible has taught me that in life there may be instances that you cannot control similarly to business and leadership. Self-Awareness Psychologist Daniel Goleman, author of Emotional Intelligence outlines five areas essential to achieving a high level of emotional intelligence (EQ): self-awareness, self-regulation, social skill, empathy, and motivation (George, 2015). Possessing a high EQ is invaluable as it allows individuals to connect with others on an interpersonal and emotional level rather than in a strictly intellectual matter. However, EQ and IQ are not mutually exclusive, instead, it is essential for both to be joined together to achieve an optimal level of leadership. Leaders who lack EQ and lead only with their intellect tend to dismiss the opinions of others and dominate decision making (George, 2015). Such leaders have the tendency to surround themselves with subordinates who are complacent and submissive. As a result,Show MoreRelatedAn Introduction to the Competing Values Framework1091 Words   |  5 PagesAn Introduction to the Competing Values Framework by: Kim Cameron, PhD An Introduction to the Competing Values Framework / 11.11 L DE ONG VE -T LO E PM R (CLAN) INTERNAL Do things together The opposite kinds of tools or techniques, such as competitiveness, fast response, decisiveness, driving through barriers, or goal achievement, could be highlighted in the lower right quadrant. 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Health Economics - 1189 Words

HISTORY OF HEALTH INSURNCE I stopped for a moment to imagine an average Americana’s world without a health insurance, what will become of such individual when the need for healthcare beckons? How will such individual offset the outrageous bill of healthcare? Health insurance is used in America to describe any program that helps pay for medical bills through the following: privately purchased and social insurance or a social welfare program usually powered by the government. Simply put, health insurance is any form of insurance that provides protection by offsetting the actual costs of medical services. Before the onset of federal government’s intervention on health insurance, it can be said that the onus were thrown to lower arms- the†¦show more content†¦Thanks to the J.F. Kennedy administration that put a new song on the lips of people in dire need of health insurance. His administration initiated a government sponsored healthcare where the elderly were really considered. This marked the onset of Medicare and Medicaid- Providing healthcare for retirees, aged and the impoverished. The concept of Medicare and Medicaid involves the federal government paying back physicians for taking care of the retirees, aged and the impoverished; this bill was passed in 1965. Although both Medicare and Medicaid started minutely to cover hospital and physician’s services; sporadically, the expenditure allocated to Medicare and Medicaid began to shoot up with time. Then in September 2, 1974, to address mishaps in the dispensation of certain large pension plans, a bill was passed which entails employee retirement income security act (ERISA); this led to the growth of self-insured employer health plan. Erstwhile, in 1973, Healthcare Maintenance Organization (HMO) Act was enacted, it was created to minimize the cost of healthcare by increasing the level of competition in the healthcare market and increasing access to coverage for individuals. From 1976 through 1996 amendments were made on the HMO actsShow MoreRelatedEconomics and Health Care1520 Words   |  7 Pagesturn leads to market failure. * Third-party payers is another reason because inefficiencies arise as a result of consumers not spending their own money. The majority of the expenses are paid by third parties, primarily health insurance companies and the government since health costs are usually too expensive for the middle to lower class who are usually more likely to become ill. 1B. In the real world, a perfectly competitive market rarely exists. One or more assumptions are violated in mostRead MoreEssay Health Economics2827 Words   |  12 Pagesforms of economic evaluation which are useful in health economics for comparing costs and allocating resources. Health economics is widely relevant to governments and the health sector in implementation of new policy, as it concerns the allocation of resources in the context of a limited budget, or scarcity. Economic evaluation is a potential tool for setting priorities in health, though it is only one of many potential criteria, including overall budget and public attitudes and wants. Economic evaluationRead MoreHealth Economics1683 Words   |  7 PagesHSA 500 Health Services Organization Janeen Whiteside-Harris Professor: Dr. Maryjane Granoff October 24, 2012 United States (U.S.) Health Care System (HCS) Requirements are to write a three to four page paper covering the following: 1. Identify and evaluate at least three forces that have affected the development of the health care system in the U.S. 2. Speculate whether or not these forces will continue to affect the health care system in the U.S. over the next decadeRead MoreStatement Of Scholarship In Health Economics823 Words   |  4 Pagesto express my interest in the PhD scholarship in Health Economics at Monash University which was advertised in seek career website on 14th September 2017. I am a graduate from Curtin University who completed Master of Health Administration. While I was doing my postgraduate studies, I decided to do my dissertation in the field of Economics, focusing on Health Economics. The topic of my postgraduate dissertation was â€Å"Trends in income-related health inequalities in Australia†. The source of the dataRead MoreEssay about Health Economics741 Words   |  3 PagesFebruary 10, 2015 This memorandum will use Grossman’s model of production of health to evaluate how New York City’s new sick leave law will affect emergency room use. Grossman’s model states that a person utility is based on health (H) and other non-health related goods (Z) that the person consumes. The production possibility frontier for Grossman model shows the tradeoff between home good production (Z) and health (H). Unlike usual production possibility frontiers, an individual needs an optimalRead MoreEconomics : The Financing Of Health Care1379 Words   |  6 Pages Thomas Gordon Healthcare Economic History ECONOMICS: THE FINANCING OF HEALTH CARE March 2, 2016 Lena Watson Health Care History The United States HealthCare System is pushing and getting ready to have a huge reformation. It is evolving on a major substantial evolution from its organization, management structure, and payment structure. The economic component of healthcare is equally important to better understanding the order to structure stature and is very successful. InRead MoreImplications Of Health Economics Concepts For Healthcare1712 Words   |  7 PagesImplications of Health Economics Concepts for Healthcare Chandra Chisholm Strayer University HAS 510 Dr. David Tataw May 3, 2015 Value of Healthcare Professionals Healthcare is getting gradually complex around the world. The need for technological development, economic support, demographics changes and the study of diseases are shifting at a fast speed. There had been numerous labors in describing collective capabilities and values within the healthcare organizations. It is necessaryRead MoreSocio Economic Class And Health Inequality1174 Words   |  5 PagesSocio-economic class has been linked to health inequality ever since the mid-19 century, when reported the living condition of the poor. Chadwick, E.1842 reported that the average life expectancy in Bethnal Green was 45 for professional but only 16 for labourers. Concern about inequality within the population in the early 20th century was offered as one major justification for the setting up of National Health Service (NHS) based on the recommendation of the Beverage report (1942). The health inequalityRead MoreUnderstanding The Value Of Health Economics811 Words   |  4 PagesUnderstan ding the value of health economics is very important during this rapidly changing environment. Health economics is the study of how transactions or connections between health and the resources needed are made and of the bottom line results (Getzen, 2013). Resources include money but also people, materials and time that could have been used in other ways. Our healthcare needs may be unlimited but the resources we have to satisfy them are not. We must make careful choices about which needsRead MoreHealth Economics And Policy Questions2412 Words   |  10 Pages Health Economics and Policy Coursework Question 2 SN: 13026885 a) w=  £62,500 U= √w 50% chance of medical problem Costs of  £4,900 We can derive this individual’s expected wealth if we multiply the probability of each outcome with the associated costs. E(w) = 0.5 *  £62,500 + 0.5 * ( £62,500 -  £4,900) E(w) = 0.5 *  £62,500 + 0.5 *  £57,600 E(w) =  £60,050 To find out what level of utility will this individual’s expected wealth yield, we simply have to put the value of the E(w) in the utility

Serrial Killer Essay Example For Students

Serrial Killer Essay The country has been gripped by fear and the serial killer has played right into that fear. The serial killer epitomizes the fear that police officers and the criminal justice cannot protect us. Serial killings account for less than one percent of annual homicides we have in America, yet they somehow touch the lives of almost every America. Serial killers are more common here in America then anywhere else in the world. Even though the likely hood of ever encountering a serial killer is very slim it is the serial killer that brings fear to many people in the Unites States. According to the book a serial killer kills several victims over a period of time. Almost all serial killers are sociopaths. They lack superego or conscience. A serial killer des not care about the humanity of his victims he does not empathizewith them, or feel remorseful. Serial killers like the power they have over there victims. Most serials killers are driven sexually to kill. They like the physical contact with there victims. Sociopaths have a character flaw they care about inflicting pain and suffering because as far as they are concerned there victims are unfeeling objects. Killing makes these people feel superior not only to their victims but to the police investigators too. Serial murders have been around for a long time. The furthest it has been dated back to was in the 1400s. Serial murders are the hardest for police investigators to figure out. Most of the regular murders are done by someone who was close to the victim. Serial murders on the other hand are done at random within a group of people. Police call these stranger killings because neithervictim, nor the victims family knows the killer. This makes it very hard for police to find the killer. The FBI was able to study many serial killers and have developed a profile to help them catch serial killers. A typical serial killer is a white male that has grown up in a dysfunctional family with an abusive mother. But the most useful physiological insights come from the crime seen itself. The FBI discovered the each criminal mind commits a different signature crime. After over twenty years the FBI has made catching serial killers an art. Bibliography:

Freedom and the Good Life free essay sample

Freedom and the Good Life Most people believe that freedom is one of the most important things in the world. Freedom is not only mandatory for a good life but it also seems to be essential for morality . In his discussion of moral philosophy and freedom, Immanuel Kant wrote that â€Å"Ought implies can†. It is often said that without freedom there cannot be morality and there would not be much worth living for. Two very important questions related to are raised that are frequently overlooked. These are; What is so important about freedom to us? And; what exactly is ‘freedom’? There are a vast number of definitions of freedom. ‘Freedom’ is generally defined as the lack of all the unreasonable restraints in our speech, movement, activity and beliefs. But this definition begins to seem vague when related to various issues relating the issue of freedom. Frithjof Bergmann outlined what he called our â€Å"schizophrenic view of freedom† in his book On Being Free, which consisted of two sides. We will write a custom essay sample on Freedom and the Good Life or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The first being that freedom is a wonderful thing that not only gives us humans a distinguished status thus separating us from nature, but also assumed to be a main human goal. However, the other view is that freedom is a horrible thing that humans desperately try to escape. In this view people are glad that they may easily escape the authority on a matter that seems difficult and too painful to face. This can be referred to as ‘bad faith’, coined by the philosopher Jean-Paul Sartre. Freedom is so often a negative concept that it becomes a problem to define freedom and mention its good qualities. When people are constantly suffering under a particular oppressive leader, the meaning of freedom means ‘free form’. When something is imposed on a person and the person does it unwillingly, then relief from this imposition would be considered freedom. However, this becomes more difficult when there is no evident oppressor or nothing definite to react against. The context does not justify the conclusion at times. Freedom cannot simply be thought of as ‘freedom form’ some undesirable imposition, but also a freedom that allows one to do or have something also. Since the eighteenth century, these two concepts have been called negative freedom and positive freedom, both used together and always assuming the other when stated separately. Leaving out the positive concept of freedom would result in people demanding freedom from everything. This absolute freedom does not work since there are various situations where a certain amount of restraint is necessary in order for there to be a justifiable claim for this freedom. On the other hand, looking at only the negative concept of freedom, interference by imposing parties leads to absurd conclusions that the people who do not have anyone to impose on them are the most free, which is not necessarily the case.

SUPPRESSION OF THE ENGLISH MONASTERIES DURING THE Essays

SUPPRESSION OF THE ENGLISH MONASTERIES DURING THE Essays SUPPRESSION OF THE ENGLISH MONASTERIES DURING THE REIGN OF KING HENRY THE EIGHTH An Essay Submitted to the Department of History of the University of Notre Dame in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Arts by Guy Fairweather - Director Department of History University of Notre Dame May 11, 1974 TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Chapter 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Chapter 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Chapter 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 Chapter 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 Chapter 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 Chapter 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 Appendix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION TO IMPORTANT PERSONAGES AND PREVALENT SOCIAL CONDITIONS IN THE 1520's AND 1530's In the years 1536 and 1539 A. D. there occurred two events in England that were destined to alter its whole religious character. In these two years the King of England, Henry VIII, forced through the English Parliament two acts that sealed the fate of the Catholic Church in England. They were the "Act for the Dissolution of the Smaller Monasteries" and the "Act for the Dissolution of the Greater Monasteries", respectively. In this paper I will explore the events and the reasons behind these events, which led to this complete and total break with a religion that had been embraced by England for centuries. Naturally, the most important of the people involved in these suppressions was King Henry VIII for it was during his reign that the monasteries were suppressed. When Henry's father died in 1509 Henry ascended a throne which his father had made remarkably secure, he inherited a fortune which probably no English king had ever been bequeathed, he came to a kingdom which was the best governed and most obedient in Christendom. 1 Upon taking the throne Henry married his brother's

World War II Through the 1970s Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

World War II Through the 1970s - Essay Example This paper explores significant turning points in American history at the said time. In addition, the paper explores the impact that the developments had on America’s society, economy, politics, and culture. Moreover, the paper explores why Americans in the late 1930s did not wish to be engaged in the World War II. The paper also explores significant contributions made by women during World War II as well civil rights breakthroughs after World War II. Lastly, the paper explores the impact of Vietnam War on the new generation of young Americans as well as President Johnson’s â€Å"Great Society.† #1 Some of the two turning points in American history post World War II through to 1970s include the cold war era and Civil Rights Movements. The Cold War intensified moments after the end of the Second World War. When the war ended marked by an allied victory, material differences surfaced between America and the Soviets. Cold War was a period of tension, suspicions, and hostility between U.S. and Soviet Union spanning from mid-40s to the late 80s. During the period, there were indirect conflicts such as Vietnam War, Cuban missile crisis, and Korea wars (Armstrong, 1998). American civil rights movement had its roots in the century-long efforts of African slaves, as well as their descendants in efforts to get rid of institution of slavery and racial oppression. The U.S. Constitution amendments did not entirely emancipate the slaves as it did not secure federal protection of the civil rights. Significant happenings during the Civil Rights Movement include desegregating Little Rock (1957), sit-ins (1960), Freedom rides (1961), voter registrations, Albany Movement (1961-1962), Birmingham Campaign (1963-1964), March on Washington (1963), and Civil Rights Act of 1964. #2 The cold war shaped American foreign policy as well as political ideology. Cold War also had a substantial bearing on the American presidency. Similarly, Cold War has led to some politic ians using anti-communist hysteria to advance their rightist agenda. The Cold War also influenced domestic policy both socially and economically. The social impact includes regression of social reforms; the economic impact dwells on enormous industrial growth aided by heavy government expansion. Traces of hostility between the U.S. and Soviet Union, now Russia, are still evident in platforms such as UN Security Council where each party vetoes the other in defense of each party’s interests (Armstrong, 1998). The Civil Rights Movement in 1960s has had a remarkable influence on American society far beyond the struggle for racial justice and equality. Many of the principles, strategies and tactics employed by the civil rights organization such as peaceful protests and acts of civil disobedience such as sit-ins have informed and inspired the social movements of today. Civil Rights Movement has impacted on education and politics in terms of desegregation and other aspects centered on affirmative action. Civil Rights Movements have led to de-institutionalization of discrimination, which has changed America culturally. #3 From 1920s to the 1930s America’s foreign policy leaned towards isolationist. During the Great depression, the focus was on economic growth and the principal determination was to stay out of any conflict as espoused by its isolationist, non-interventionism, and neutrality policy. The isolationist sentiment was inspired partly by the depression. The U.S. thought that they could only fix the depression domestically, and involvement in conflicts was more of a sideshow. Isolationists wanted to stay out of war at any cost as the depression threatened to

Employment Law Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 1

Employment Law - Assignment Example She has all the rights to take legal action against the operation manager. These are the issues that are hurting the operation manager as well as the organization. In the first issue, UK Disability Discrimination Act 1995 can be implemented. Enid came to know that some organizational members and staffs are making fun of her problem. It can also be considered as a disability discrimination case in which she has not done any kind of mistake. According to this act, an individual within an organization cannot discriminate others based on disability issues. Therefore, in this case Enid has all the rights to take legal actions against the staffs, who are involved in wrongdoings. The legal case of Rolls Royce Ltd v Walpole 1980 can be referred as related to this case. In this particular employee was dismissed from work due to short-term absences in workplace due to disability issues and the employee was terminated (Walpole v Rolls Royce Ltd 1980). Then, the employee filed a legal complaint under the act against the organization. This issue is very much similar to the issue of Enid. She was discriminated in workplace due to her disability issues. In this case, the staffs and other engaged employees should be warned or should take apology to Enid. In the Second Issue, Sexual Discrimination Act 1975 can be considered as Barbara was sexually harassed by some male employees at the workplace. It is highly important Barbara to take legal actions against them as it is a serious concern for the organizational workplace environment. The legal case of Noeleen McAleenon v Autism Initiatives can be referred to the case in which the female employee was sexually harassed by a male co-worker and she went on to make a legal case against the organization (Noeleen McAleenon v Autism Initiatives 2013). Finally she was legally awarded with a compensation for this workplace harassment. The issue of Barbara is quite similar to the

History of Plant and Animal Domestication

History of Plant and Animal Domestication Nan Tao Ma The domestication of plant and animal has always been an important progress in human  agriculture and development. The domestication of plant such as wheat, grain or vegetable greatly  improved the food obtain and capability which allowed an increase on population due to the stable  food production; While the domestication of animal such as cow, horse or dog strength the  development of human society by significantly decreasing the manpower needed and increasing the  amount of work output. Although the domestication exists in human history for such a long time  and its common for human to domestication , there are still many questions and debate about the  beginning of the domestication. What factor pushed human to domestication, how did they first do  it and why they happened to develop in several widely spread area at the same time. The  development of the domestication is another question that troubles people. Why in some other  places there are a little or no domestication and what common does the domestication have in  different area. In this essay, we are going to discuss and analyze the beginning of domestication of  animal and plant by finding the factors that pushed people toward domestication of plant and animal  from looking at time and environment ; And compare the different area of domestication to  understand how did domestication develop through time and environment from knowing the  common factors that they shared during the process of domestication. To understand why something happened, its always important to know when it had happen. From the remain of sheep and goat that found in hominid site in southern and southern west Asia  that were older than 10000 years ago showed that there is no sign or evidence of any  domestication. It only suggested that hunters had been killing a whole population of goat and sheep  for need of food. However after the period of that, around 9000 – 10000 years ago, there is a change  toward the remain of sheep and goat that found in hominid site. The a large increase of skeleton  remains of younger sheep and goat were found in the hominid area. This showed that the practice of  domestication might began at that period of time, as the hominid started to keep herds of such  animals away from the nature realm of wild sheep and goat and trying to make and raise them  to adapted to human society. In the jiangxi province of China near the west side of the long river,  the remain of rice is found in the an old cave ruins that was 9000 – 13000 years old and was once  an settlement of early hominid that lived in that area along with stone made tools and other animal  remains. Although it was still a debate on whether hominid did start to grow rice at that period of  time, the large amount of remain in that had proved that hominid did have some kind of practice on  domestication; Else, there would not be such big settlement near the long river, as hunting and  gathering does not establish a permanent settlements for things like that, epically an area this large. In the Middle East and East Asia , the remain of dogs were found around 8000 – 12000 years old. As we knew, the dogs were wolves before they domesticated by human. The evidence of the dogs  fossil in these areas gave an important evidence of when human started to domesticated animal, as  dogs should be the one of the first animals that human domesticated due to fact that hominids lives  were based on hunting in the old time. There were more remains of other animals such as pig,  horse or cow were later found in the ancient hominids site that were 5000- 7000 years old. From  all the data that were gathered, it proved that the practice of domestication of animal and plant  started around 7000 -10000 years ago, when the neolithic age started. The rise of sea level and  climate change right after quitting the ice age could be the important factors that forced hominid to  change their life cycle they had and lead some of them to domesticate animal and plant other than  hunting and gathering in the wild. The explanation of the change of the life cycle and the change of nature of subsistence base of  hominid in sudden around 7000 – 10000 years ago has always been a question that hounded many  people. Why would they gave up their old life style of hunting and gathering and adapted a new  way of living such as agricultureà ¯Ã‚ ¼Ã… ¸ There were many debates about why the hominid suddenly  changed their way of life, there were several factors that I believe for the explanation of the  changing. The first factor was that the environment pressure forced hominid to change their way of  living. The end of the ice age brought great changes to the environment of the earth. During the  process this might have killed many traditional foods of hominid. For example the mammoths were  killed because of the rapid shift of environment that decreased their cycle of life and being hunted  too much by hominid; And not just mammoths, there might be also many other animals that  hominid viewed as traditional food were largely decreasing due to the rapid environment which  forced hominid to change their food sources and find a more stable way of keeping it. The second factor was that the population pressure was the problem that triggered the  transition of hunting to domesticate. Although hunting and gathering was a common way of life in  the nature, however, when the population was too high and the traditional food in the area were  decreasing,hunting and gathering would became unstable and much inefficient, as the food source  existed in the area could not satisfy the needed of the hominids. Thus domestication was needed,  agriculture and animal grazing were stable and providing large amount of food and compared to  hunting, it wasted less energy and safer. One evidence of that was that compare 10000 years before  where no clear sign of domestication and 10000 years after where domestication probably started  there is large amount of animals skeleton remain found in the hominids site. This showed that there  was a large action of hunting that might have killed too much animal to support the fast growing  hominid. The third factor was the suitable climax helped the hominid on transition from hunting and  gathering to domestication. During the early Holocene, although the climax changes destroyed  many previous animals, the favorable weather and increased raining greatly helped the exuberance  of vegetation and diversification of the plant family in the Holocene. This also invited many  newer spices to entered this era, such as goat or sheep and they were much gentle, as the large  amount of plant as food allowed them to not straggle for food. With the decreasing on traditional  foods, hominids were forced to change their prey and food. However, well condition provided them  enough diversity of foods that they had an significant increase on population which would  eventually became a problem as in factor two, that hominid developed domestication inevitably to  maintain a stable food source and gain abundant production from it, as domestication was much  efficient than huntin g and gathering when hominid were too populated. The domestication was  developed due to the existed suitable condition and suitable spices that was not in the era before. The one strong evidence that showed the possibility of the climaxs influence led and improved the  hominids mutation from hunting and gathering into a stable domestication was the existence of  raining and seasonal change after the the glacier was melted after the ending of the ice age. Before  the Holocene entered, there was the big freeze knew as the â€Å"Younger Dryas†, where there whole  land of earth was covered by ice and snows and no sign of seasonal change and raing. There was  little or no sign of domestication. However in the Holocene, where the tropic area, existence of  raining and seasonal changes appeared, the domestication of animal and plant grew rapidly in  many area. The explanation of it also proved the theory I talked before; the raining and seasonal  changes created a prefect cycle for agricultural which was not existed in the previous years. The  climax provided a great opportunity that hominid would eventually adapted to it due the gro wing of  population and exploring of food source to decrease the pressure in the new condition. This was  the one of the most important factor that drove humanity into practice of domestication, as without  the great environment, the domestication would not be practiced. Overall, the exchange from hunting and gathering into the domestication was something that  was inevitable. For example, when you have the opportunity to drive a car, you wold not want to  keep on riding your bicycle. It was in the human nature to always find a better way to live, that we  kept on mutating our method. The domestication was too obvious and too effective in the new  and suitable environment that it was normal for hominid to discover and change their method into  it. The need of new food source in the rapid changed world, the well structured and suitable  condition for domestication pushed the hominid to change their way of life. If the exchange of hunting and gathering to domestication was inevitable, why there were some  place had it more intensely than others, why some place that was apparently suitable for  domestication had little or no domestication and what factor these place which had domestication  have had in common? Although the factors in the last few paragraphs showed evidence and proved that due to the  climax, needed and exploration of new food source and grow population pushed the hominid to  adopt domestication, they were only the primary factor. There are also many side factors that would  cause change , alter or perhaps stop the exchange from hunting and gathering society into  domestication and agricultural. The special climax and weather condition of unique places and the  animal or plant species in the particular places also have great influence on the mutation from  hunting and gathering into domestication. Even though, the global climax after the ice age became much hotter and warmer that it was  suitable for agriculture, not all the area in the earth had suitable environment for domestication to be  practiced. One obvious example was the Eskimo who lived near the north pole and still as a society  of hunting and gathering. The crucial condition of the north pole was too harsh for any practice of  agriculture, as the in the first few paragraphs we indicated that climax was the one of the most  important factor for domestication of plant. In north pole, the cold air and non-existence of  raining made it impossible for any grow plant to produce enough amount of food source. However,  there was still little domestication such as making dogs as pet, as the need for fast traveling and  more manpower led people to domesticate dogs ( environment pressure). Another example was the  dessert area. In most place of dessert no domestication of animal nor domestication of plant we re  found as the environment was even too harsh for hominid to survive. There are also many other suitable areas that has well structured environment for agriculture or  grazing, but the species lived in its area or geography of it prevented hominid to domesticate in  such areas. The species had very big impact on the success of domestication, as for some species ,  they were too hard or impossible to domesticate in that era. For example, in some areas of ancient  Canada, the hominid there did not developed agricultural, but kept on hunting and gathering. The  reason why this happened was because the animals in that area was too hard to domesticate and  there was no useful plant that can be planted for extra food production. It was much and safer easier  to kill a bear than domesticate it, as bears cannot reproduce fast enough and dangerous to kept. The  Egypt had developed good agriculture, although it was in the middle of dessert. This happened  because of its geography near the Nile river and the suitable plants that grow beside it. The Nile  river provided enough water to support the people and agriculture, while the plants such as rice  were productive and easy to rise. The primary factor such as climax and side factors such species and geography decided the  domestication of an area, as in many areas that was fast growing they all shared common elements. In most demonstration area, the climax was often close or the same, as it was the most important  factor for domestication. It should often be dry summer, raining winter and favors plant with seed  that can survive long period. If summer was too wet or cold, or the overall season was too dry, most  domesticated plant would not survive. This was why in cold like north pole or hot place like Africa,  the domestication of plant for food was very hard. For most domesticated animal, they have been  selected by several same reason. They should be unagressive and maybe unterrioral that they were  easy to be capture and domesticate. They should be have fast growth rate and easy breeder in order  to be reproduce in a fast rate so that the food supply of hominid society could be supported by  them. They should also have a strong herding instinct that they were much easier to be controlled. This was why in early domestication, the animals that had strong herding instinct such as sheep and  goat or easy breeder and fast growth rate such as pig and chicken were selected first in most area, as  they were easy to controlled, feed and could benefit hominid in high production rate of born. For  the plant domestication, they also shared lots of common. Most of the plant that selected were near  the habitation site and were high productive. They also had to be suited or adapted to the right  seasonal cycle in order to provide enough food at right season for hominid. Overall, the  domestication in different places shared many common as the climax, geography and the species  in the area greatly affected the progress of domestication. In conclude, the exchange of hunting and gathering to domestication was something that was  inevitable for human, as the prefect environment and suitable species gave the opportunity for  hominid to learn and practice domestication. More importantly, it was our human nature of always  finding a better way of living led us to it and from the domestication we created more stable society  and kept looking for a better life that led to technology and created the spectacular world we have  today.

How Tv Impacts Teens :: essays research papers

Bud...Weis... Er!† This is a phrase that teenagers hear everyday. Where do they hear this? They hear it on TV. It is a phrase used in a commercial for beer. This phrase is used to attract people’s attention including teenagers. This is one of many problems with TV these days. TV teaches teens the wrong material. Some of the other problems with TV include violence and dialogue. When it comes to commercials on TV, people think of the cola wars between Pepsi and Coca-Cola, or maybe they think of the famous Energizer bunny. However, there are also commercials for beer and cigarettes. These are items that could be fatal in some cases. Yet, these items are advertised on TV for teenagers to see. Commercials for beer or cigarettes aren’t to pursue just adults, but to pursue adolescents as well. The tobacco companies and alcohol companies know that teens are the age group who are most vulnerable, therefore these large industries target their ads towards teens. For example, there is a commercial for Molson Ice –a brand of beer– that use teens in their ad. The ad’s scenario is a high school party where teens are having fun while drinking beer. So what are teenagers going to think? They will think that if they drink beer they will have as much as the teens in the commercial. As a result of adolescents drinking there will be violence. Where do teens learn the concept of violence? Where else but TV. There is definitely way too much violence on television. For example on cable networks such as HBO or Showtime, there are shows that are built around violence. Shows such as OZ. This show is about prisoners who fight and kill for the sake of fighting and killing. These kinds of shows cause teens to be violent. Teens see only one way of dealing with their problems and instead dealing with obstacles peacefully, they use their fists, knives, or even guns. Another result of violence on TV is the formation of gangs. Teenage gangs exist throughout the state of New York, including the peaceful town of Port Washington, where I live. So now people will realize that violent teens is due to the violenceon TV.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A third problem with TV is the dialogue. Adolescents today make more grammar mistakes then ever before. The grammar problems are a result of watching TV shows that use too many slang words and phrases instead of real English.

Finance: Free Cash Flow

inance COOPERATE FINANCE| Miss Afifa| | Assignment# 4| | UMAIR ASIF11 March 2013| You submitted this Assignment on Sun 10 Mar 2013 7:21 PM PDT. You got a score of 85. 00 out of 100. 00. You can attempt again, if you'd like. Top of Form Please read all questions and instructions carefully. Note that you only need to enter answers in terms of numbers and without any symbols (including $, %, commas, etc. ). Enter all dollars without decimals and all interest rates in percentage with up to two decimals. Read the syllabus for examples.The points for each question are listed in parentheses at the start of the question, and the total points for the entire assignment adds up to 100. You are strongly encouraged to use spreadsheets. Refer to Note on Sample Cash Flow Template. Question 1 (5 points) The project with the highest IRR is always the project with the highest NPV. Your Answer| | Score| Explanation| True| | | | False| ? | 5. 00| Correct. Try now to sort this out in different contexts,| Total| | 5. 00 / 5. 00| | Question Explanation This is all about the fundamental difference between IRR and NPV. Question 2 10 points) Ann Arbor is considering offering public bus service for free. Setting up the service will cost the city $0. 6M (where M stands for million). The useful life of the buses is 25 years. Annual maintenance of the buses would cost $50,000 per year and they would need a major overhaul in year 15 that will cost a total of $350,000. This overhaul is in addition to the annual maintenance. Annual operating costs will begin at $90,000 in year 1 and grow at 2% per year thereafter. By using the buses as advertisement space, the city will generate a revenue of $75,000 in year 1 and it will grow at 4% per year thereafter.Reduced parking requirements and other benefits generated by the project will save the city $100,000/year. The salvage value (price city can get in the future after maintenance) of the used buses in year 25 is expected to be $150,000. What is the NPV of the bus proposal? Ann Arbor does not pay taxes and the discount rate is 5%. (Again, all cash flows except initial investments happen at the end of the year. ) (You are strongly encouraged to use a spreadsheet. ) Your Answer| | Score| Explanation| -10223| | | | 29847| ? | 10. 00| Correct. You apparently have thought through issues. 31222| | | | 19323| | | | Total| | 10. 00 / 10. 00| | Question Explanation A real world problem with some simplifications in cash flows. Question 3 (5 points) Alpha Inc. has the following two projects that it is considering, and it wants to choose one. Project A has an investment outlay/expense today of $1,000, and its cash flows over the next three years are $500, $600, $700. Project B has an outlay of $2,000, and cash flows of $1,000, $1,200, and $1,400. Which project should Alpha choose? (You can assume no taxes. ) Your Answer| | Score| Explanation| Project A| | | |Does not matter; both are essentially the same| | | | Cannot make a choice based on information| ? | 5. 00| Correct. What information is missing? | Project B| | | | Total| | 5. 00 / 5. 00| | Question Explanation This question is probing your comfort level and understanding of decision making; and the most common pitfall we confront all the time. Question 4 (10 points) Mango Technology has the following three projects that it is considering; it can choose only one. Project A has an investment outlay/expense today of $100M, and its cash flows over the next three years are $20M, $40M, $70M.Project B has an outlay of $110M, and cash flows of $40M, $80M, $20M; Project C has an outlay of $120M and cash flows of $0M, $20M, and $142M. Which project should the company choose if the cost of capital for similar projects is 6%? Your Answer| | Score| Explanation| Project B| | | | Project C| | | | Do not have enough information| ? | 0. 00| You do have enough information. Try again. | Project A| | | | Total| | 0. 00 / 10. 00| | Question Explanation This is an exercise in testi ng your knowledge pitted against our tendency to choose the incorrect criterion for making decisions.Question 5 (5 points) To get from net operating profits after tax (NOPAT) to free cash flows (FCF), you need to ADD back depreciation, SUBTRACT capital expenditures and ADD net working capital (i. e. , current operating assets – current operating liabilities). (Free cash flow is another name for cash flows. ) Your Answer| | Score| Explanation| False. | ? | 5. 00| Correct. You understand the nature of â€Å"capital. â€Å"| True. | | | | Total| | 5. 00 / 5. 00| | Question Explanation This is an important issue that makes you focus on differences between stocks and flows. Question 6 5 points) Last year your firm had revenue of $20 million, cost of goods sold (COGS) of $12 million, Selling, General, ; Administration costs (SG;A) of $2 million, Account Receivables (AR) of $6 million, Account Payables (AP) of $4 million and Inventory of $4 million. What will be the free cash flow next/this year if you boost revenue 6% and AR 12%, while holding COGS growth to 3% and everything else remains the same as last year? (Assume no taxes and no new capital expenditures. ) (You are encouraged to use a spreadsheet even for this specific type of question. ) Your Answer| | Score| Explanation| 4170000| ? 0. 00| Review the basics; see template and references. | 6120000| | | | 7240000| | | | 5250000| | | | Total| | 0. 00 / 5. 00| | Question Explanation Cash flow estimation for a specific year. Question 7 (15 points) Rain in Spain (RiS) is a manufacturer of high quality raincoats. Currently, the retail price of each raincoat is $70 and is produced at a cost of $45. This past year, they sold 50,000 raincoats and they expect this number to grow each year by 6% each year for the next 10 years. The operations team at RiS recently brought to your attention a new technology that could lower the cost of production.This technology requires an upfront fixed investment of $2,000,000 a nd has the capacity to produce up to 90,000 raincoats per year at a 12% lower cost per unit. There is no increased working capital need due to this new technology, and no value of the machine/technology after 10 years. What is the NPV of investing in the new technology? Ignore taxes and assume a discount rate of 14%. (Hint: Think incrementally; the difference between the world without and with this new technology! Also, ignoring taxes will be a big help if you think right. ) (Enter just the number without the $ sign or a comma; round off decimals. (You are strongly encouraged to use a spreadsheet. ) Answer for Question 7 You entered: Your Answer| | Score| Explanation| -150683| ? | 15. 00| Correct. You exhibit a clear understanding of how to conduct incremental analysis. | Total| | 15. 00 / 15. 00| | Question Explanation A probing question that is all about the creation of value; incremental value. Question 8 (15 points) Fresh off the excitement of the 2012 London Olympic Games, you decide that you want your firm to take advantage of the profits to be made for the 2016 games in Rio de Jeneiro. To do so you plan to open a factory in Brazil.After examining the idea, your CFO projects revenues next year (2013) to be $15 million and costs to be $9 million. Both of these are expected to grow at a rate of 25% per year as the excitement for the games builds. Your firms faces a 35% tax rate, a 14% discount rate and you can depreciate your new investment using the straight line method over the four years leading up to the games, at which point the value of the venture moving forward will be $5 million. (This $5 million is the terminal value that is in year 4 (that is, 2016) dollars and is the PV of all cash flows year 5 and beyond. The capital expenditure of this project is $12M. What is the NPV of the project? Assume that you have no significant working capital costs. (Enter just the number without the $ sign or a comma; round off decimals. ) (You are strongly encourag ed to use a spreadsheet. ) Answer for Question 8 You entered: Your Answer| | Score| Explanation| 9815100| ? | 15. 00| Correct. You know how to set up and execute a valuation exercise, albeit a simplified one. | Total| | 15. 00 / 15. 00| | Question Explanation A valuation exercise that includes most of the elements of a real world situation. Question 9 15 points) Starbuck's is considering opening another store in Chicago. A store is expected to have a long economic life, but the valuation horizon is 7 years. The store in Chicago is expected to create revenues of $3M in the first year and they are likely to grow at 2% per year thereafter. The cost of goods sold are $1. 2M in year 1 and they are also expected to grow at 2% per year thereafter. Selling and administration costs are likely to be $0. 5M in the first year and then grow at 5%. The tax rate is 35%. Starbucks is so good at managing its stores that working capital increases can be assumed to be negligible.But Starbucks will hav e to invest $3. 5M in purchasing a store (with land). The good news is that this outlay can be depreciated straight line over 7 years. Also, Starbucks has estimated that the terminal value in year 7 dollars will be $10M. This value is the value of all cash flows in year 8 and beyond. What is the NPV of opening this new store if the appropriate discount rate is 7. 75%? (Again, all cash flows except initial investments happen at the end of the year. Enter just the number without the $ sign or a comma; round off decimals. )(You are strongly encouraged to use a spreadsheet. ) Answer for Question 9You entered: Your Answer| | Score| Explanation| 7879584| ? | 15. 00| Correct. You are now building spreadsheet models. | Total| | 15. 00 / 15. 00| | Question Explanation It is time to do a more complete project analysis. Strongly encourage use of spreadsheets to build cashflows, though remember that you can do it step by step as well. Question 10 (15 points) Big Blue Granite (BBG) needs to purc hase a new saw for creating their top quality countertops. Saw A costs $250,000 with $4,000 of annual maintenance costs for the first year that will increase by 5% each year for the 7-year life of the saw.Saw B costs $150,000 with $10,000 of annual maintenance costs for the first year that will increase by 15% each year for the 4-year life of the saw. Which saw should BBG choose? What is the annualized cost of this choice? Assume a discount rate of 12%, and ignore all taxes. Your Answer| | Score| Explanation| (B, 46794)| | | | (B, 49983)| | | | (A, 59331)| ? | 15. 00| Correct. You know how to figure out the true annualized cost. | (A, 40367)| | | | (A, 38682)| | | | (B, 61624)| | | | Total| | 15. 00 / 15. 00| |

Compare Two Types of Music Eras Free Essay Example, 1500 words

For the most part, it was not until centuries later that people began to use musical notation to write everything down. However, there was some minimal notation being done, the process was so difficult and time-consuming that it only happened on a small scale, and it was only in churches that this kind of notation could actually happen on any kind of basis. This also led to most of the music of the period being church-based songs as well. It is also during this time period that we began to see the birth of polyphony, that will be the main focus of composers for many centuries to come. In was in its early beginning stages here, and was often found to happen during improvisational music. This is also when we began to see a split of the monophonic and polyphonic styles of music. We begin to see the long flowing melodies of the monophonic style, contrasted with the long and asymmetrical melodies of the polyphonic mode. The dissonance that developed in the polyphonic music of the time is another personal favorite of mine, as the sharp and hugely surprising changes in tone and musicality really show off what music is capable of. This development continued through the ages until we arrived at the modern music age at the turn of the century. We will write a custom essay sample on Compare Two Types of Music Eras or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now This age is perhaps my least favorite of all the musical ages and is defiantly not anywhere near the creativity and musical growth that was going on in churches during the Middle Ages. It is during this modern century that many different things have begun to happen to music. First of all, we have seen a total disrespect and poor attitude towards the musical past. Many musicians care nothing of the music that has come before them and is simply trying their best to have nothing to do with the older ages of music. To me, this is cutting you from great music, such as that of the Middle Ages, and should never be done. To completely cut yourself off from the past is to do the same for the present, and I feel that artists that do this are losing an integral part of what music is all about.